Does Air Operator's Certificate & AMOS (CASR 119/121) apply to aviation (incl. drones) businesses?
A computed answer from the Rules Mate applicability engine, with the exact condition, the outcome for every structure and size, and the primary source.
Short answer: Yes
Yes. This obligation applies to aviation (incl. drones) businesses whatever their structure or size. The deciding fact: Industry: Aviation (incl. drones).
The obligation in brief
Air Operator's Certificate & AMOS (CASR 119/121). Anyone who conducts, or proposes to conduct, an air transport operation in Australia in a fixed-wing or rotary-wing aircraft must hold an air transport air operator's certificate (AOC) granted by CASA under Part 119 of the Civil Aviation Safety Regulations. Air transport covers any flight for hire or reward: scheduled passenger services, charter flights carrying passengers or cargo, joy and scenic flights, and corporate transport flights outside the CASA EX68/24 exemption.
Trigger: Proposing to fly passengers or cargo for hire or reward; and, for an existing holder, any significant change (as defined in CASR 119.020) such as new key personnel, new operating locations or new aircraft.
Why aviation (incl. drones) get a different answer
Rules Mate runs its applicability engine across 9 business structures and 6 size bands for each of the 35 industries it maps. For 34 of those industries the answer for "Air Operator's Certificate & AMOS (CASR 119/121)" is no. Aviation (incl. drones) is one of the 1 where the answer is different: yes.
The deciding fact for aviation (incl. drones) businesses: Industry: Aviation (incl. drones)
About the industry: Aircraft operators and RPAS / drone operators regulated by CASA.
Compare a professional services (general) business with 6–19 employees structured as a Pty Ltd company: the obligation does not apply (Requires industry: Aviation (incl. drones)).
Answer by business structure and size
Each cell is the engine's outcome for a business in aviation (incl. drones) with that structure and size, assuming it sells to consumers and small businesses and holds customer contact details. "Check" means the obligation turns on a fact the industry does not settle.
| Structure | No employees | 1–5 employees | 6–19 employees | 20–99 employees | 100–499 employees | 500+ employees |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sole trader | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Partnership | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Trust | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Pty Ltd company | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Public company | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Not-for-profit (unregistered) | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Registered charity | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Super fund | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Foreign company | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
What the obligation requires
- When due
- Before the first air transport flight; a significant change must be approved before it takes effect, non-significant changes are notified through myCASA, and the AOC is renewed before it expires. CASA's cost estimate is valid for 30 days and an application can be closed if the fee and documents are not received within 30 days.
- Evidence to keep
- The AOC and its associated approvals under Parts 91, 121, 133 or 135; the exposition (operations manual) and its change-management process; key personnel nominations; the safety management system; the exposition compliance matrix lodged with an initial application; carriers' liability insurance where passengers are carried.
- Maximum penalty
- Conducting air transport without an AOC, or outside its terms, is a contravention of the Civil Aviation Act 1988 and CASR; CASA conducts surveillance of AOC holders and can vary, suspend or cancel an AOC. A change of key personnel, location or aircraft made outside the approved change process can leave the AOC invalid
- Regulator
- CASA
- Jurisdiction
- Commonwealth (national)
Other obligations where aviation (incl. drones) differ from the norm
Questions
- Does Air Operator's Certificate & AMOS (CASR 119/121) apply to aviation (incl. drones) businesses?
- Yes. This obligation applies to aviation (incl. drones) businesses whatever their structure or size. The deciding fact: Industry: Aviation (incl. drones).
- Is the answer the same for every industry?
- No. For 34 of the 35 industries Rules Mate maps, the answer is no. Aviation (incl. drones) is one of 1 industries with a different answer.
Related
Sources
Computed by the Rules Mate applicability engine from the published obligation corpus; facts last checked 3 October 2026. Rules Mate is not a law firm and this is general information, not legal advice. Confirm your position with the regulator source or a qualified adviser before acting.